Separation anxiety, also known as separation-related behaviour (SRB), affects a large number of dogs. Research suggests that as many as eight out of ten dogs find it difficult to cope when left alone. However, not all dogs show obvious signs, so many cases go unnoticed. The good news is, separation anxiety can be prevented and managed with the right approach.
Common Signs of Separation Anxiety
- Chewing furniture or scratching doors and windows (especially near exits)
- Excessive barking, whining, or howling
- Toileting accidents indoors (even if house-trained)
- Over-excitement when you return home
Subtle Signs You Might Miss
- Trembling or panting before you leave
- Drooling excessively
- Repetitive pacing or circling
- Ignoring food or treats left out while you’re away
- Vomiting or self-injury (e.g., excessive paw licking)
These behaviours may not always happen right after you leave, so using a pet camera can help spot hidden signs of distress.
What Causes Separation Anxiety?
Separation anxiety stems from a dog’s difficulty coping with being alone. Some dogs become bored and destructive, while others experience deep distress when their owners leave. Early life experiences, changes in routine, and underlying medical issues can all contribute to developing this behaviour.
How to Help Your Dog Cope When Left Alone
If your dog is already showing signs of distress, or you want to prevent separation anxiety from developing, these strategies can help:
Provide Enrichment Toys
Before leaving, offer your dog a long-lasting chew, a treat-dispensing toy, or a stuffed Kong. This can distract them and provide positive associations with alone time. If your dog ignores the toy after you leave, this could indicate higher anxiety levels.
Walk and Feed Before Leaving
Give your dog plenty of exercise before you leave, ideally returning at least 30 minutes before your departure. A relaxed, well-exercised dog is more likely to rest while you’re out.
You can also leave a small meal or food toy just before leaving, helping them settle with a satisfied tummy.
Minimise Outside Disturbances
- Close curtains or blinds to block outside distractions
- Leave your dog in a quiet, comfortable room
- Play soft music or leave a radio on to mask outdoor noises
Hire a Dog Walker or Sitter
Dogs shouldn’t be left alone for more than 4 hours (less for puppies). If your dog struggles with alone time, a pet sitter or dog walker can provide companionship and reduce stress.
Stay Calm When You Return
Don’t scold your dog if they’ve had an accident or caused damage. Punishment increases anxiety and makes future departures even harder for them to handle.
If your dog acts ‘guilty’ (ears back, tail tucked, avoiding eye contact), they aren’t showing remorse — they’re showing fear of your reaction.
Avoid ‘Cry It Out’ Methods
Leaving your dog to “cry it out” can cause long-term stress and emotional damage. Dogs who learn their cries go unanswered often suffer silently, rather than learning to cope.
Get Professional Help if Needed
If your dog’s anxiety persists despite your efforts, speak with your vet. They may recommend a clinical animal behaviourist who can create a personalised plan for your dog’s needs.
Prevention Tips for New Puppies
- Gradually get your puppy used to short periods alone, building up over time.
- Reward calm, relaxed behaviour when you leave and return.
- Make sure your puppy feels safe, secure, and comfortable when left alone.
- Avoid making departures or returns into a big event.
Starting with short, positive separations helps build confidence and prevents future anxiety.